If you have heavy unusual menstrual bleeding, the ER will likely address the case with hemostatic drugs. Along with treating with medications, blood tests like CBC, PT/INR, aPTT may be done.
If the patient is having heavy menstrual bleeding for many days. The patient’s body fluid status is low. Intravenous Fluids like NS, DNS, and PD may be given. In severe cases, when there is significant blood loss with anemia, a blood transfusion will require.
Common drugs prescribed at ER for heavy menstrual bleeding:
- Tranexamic acid inj/tab
- Vitamin K injection
- Etamsylate inj/tab
- NSAIDs if there is pain
Other than the above drugs, many other drugs may be given upon identifying the cause of the heavy menstrual bleeding.
Causes of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Hormonal cause: Estrogen released by the ovaries of a female help in the thickening of the inner lining of the uterus during a menstrual cycle. LH acts on the ovaries to release eggs from the ovaries, which is known as ovulation. And progesterone released from the corpus luteum of the ovary maintains the uterine lining to accept the fertilized embryo. If there is no fertilization, the progesterone hormone decreases gradually, and the uterine lining is shed off with blood(this is normal menstrual bleeding).
When there is excess estrogen release or low progesterone release, it may cause heavy menstrual bleeding. Drugs like natural progesterone and artificial progestin can help.
Uterine or Ovarian cause: Growths like tumors, polyps, and cysts that can be cancerous or non-cancerous(Uterine Fibroids, PCOD).
Bleeding Disorder: Some patients have bleeding disorders like platelet function disorder, low RBC and platelet count, vitamin K deficiency, Hemophilia, etc.
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